Personality Theory Analysis free essay sample

Allen Fork Humanistic and existential personality theories have gone to change the focus Of psychological views from the cause Of behavior to the set individual. Carl Rorers person-centered theory along with Roll Mays existential psychology go on to concentrate more on present and future experiences of the individual person rather than to focus on their past experiences that have gone on to cause the persons current mental state. Psychological health in its importance should be emphasized, the way avis accomplished as well as how important it is to maintain it as well. The dark parts of realty that are experienced by people of poor psychological health can benefit by this because issues can be brought out to the light. The person-centered theory is a humanistic approach to personality. Some basic assumptions to this theory include ones natural tendency to move toward their full potential and ones maintenance of their self-concept (Feisty Feisty, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Personality Theory Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Existential psychology focuses on the essence of humanity, the realization of being-in-the-world, the avoidance of nothingness, and how choices are driven by free will (Before, 003).In these two theories it is discussed how certain situations can affect behavior as well as vice versa. Both person-centered and existential psychology theories have some factors that share personality, though they as well have differences in ideas of what truly comprises personality. The two theories both suggest that the psychological health involves relationships, like how a person functions in their interpersonal relationships, how one is treated interpersonally, as well as the presences or lack of interpersonal relationships. Rogers and Mays person-centered and existential psychology eve both very unique views on situational behavior. Normally a situation may affect a persons behavior, or a persons behavior may affect a situation. Truthfully, there are many factors to be considered when viewing behavior from a situational standpoint. The Person-centered theory makes the claim that the individual person will aim towards their own full potential. This in turn means; ideally the individual will respond to situations in ways that will be attributed to their self-concept.According to Rogers, people have two selves that make up the self-concept which are known as the organism self ND the ideal self. Though, ones own self-concept may not be entirely accurate. Organism self refers to that of the experiences that may occur outside of the persons awareness. While the ideal self is in reference to the type of person, one wishes to be. People tend to individually respond to situations with behaviors that coincide with their self-concept.If one behaves in a way that is inconsistent with their self-concept, incongruence and a lack of psychological health will occur (Feisty Feisty, 2009). According to Rogers, individuals also respond to situations on three levels of awareness: below the horseshoed of awareness, or ignored; accurately symbolized and freely entered into the self-structure; or distorted because an experience is inconsistent with ones self -concept (Feisty Feisty, 2009). An experiences that a person is not aware of, are simply ignored, or if there are too many other stimuli taking priority.The experiences that are accurately symbolized and stay consistent with a persons own self-concept are then accepted openly. The experiences that are or become incongruent with a persons self-concept will be distorted in order to assimilate with ones own self-concept. This then reduces anxiety from the experience; however, the situations accuracy then becomes compromised. Now existentialism focuses hard and strong on a persons free will. This then means that the individual has the freedom to make decisions on any situations to include inactions.Thus, any behaviors that are experienced are a direct result of any decision made by the individuals own exercised free will. That is why intentionally refers to the underlying structure, or intentions too, that allow for individuals to make the decisions they make about the future. Intentionality leads to a decision or action, depending on the situation (Feisty Feisty, 2009). This is consistent with Rogers theory because of the fact that both of the theories stray from determinism. Determinism is the philosophy that all behavior is in some form a response to that of factors in ones environment.For this reason it is believed that no individual has true actual control over their behavior. In accordance to existential psychology, anxiety tends to influence situational behavior. Anxiety is a feeling that is best described as an experience by an individual when they eve come to the realization that either their existence, or the aspect valued by their existence is at risk of being destroyed. This is idea may be consistent with the aspect of non-being, or with the knowledge that ones very own existence may cease to exist at any time.Knowledge of ones self being part of the world, or their existence as a part of nature and time which gives need to the realization that if one can be, or exist, they as well cannot be, or not exist, and therefore be nonbinding. These very concepts drive behavior in almost every situation, where one tries to strive for a place in the world and o maintain well-balanced psychological health. Anxiety can occur as normal or neurotic anxieties. Normal anxiety is a fear that is in some way comparable or proportionate to threat, therefore it is warranted and can be consciously confronted.So if a person confronts a situation with normal anxiety, then the result can be constructive as well as instrumental to the individuals development. Therefore Rorers might agree with this concept due to the fact that anxieties can aide in a persons individual growth and potential. Neurotic anxiety on the other hand is a fear that is disproportional to a situation. The results for a person confronting situations with neurotic anxiety can retain experiences from ever reaching awareness, this resulting in a surrender of ones opportunity to learn and grow as a person. Neurotic anxiety ceases growth in a person to reach potential. The characteristics of a persons personality are factors that can attribute to a person depending on how their thoughts and behaviors vary. All individuals have different personality characteristics, and different personality theories propose different characteristics to personality. Characteristics of personality development that re seen in the person-centered theory are the organism and ideal self, together constituting to ones own self-concept.Rogers believed there were factors that contributed to the fully functioning person, or one who has reached self-actualization. The first characteristic is the one in which a person has to be open to new experiences and be willing to work through them, so if a person denies to do So with the experience then they cannot reach their potential. The next characteristic is existential living which is consistent with existential psychology in that they both emphasize on the importance of Ewing-in-the-world. So if one is in touch with themselves and their surroundings, then they can appreciate life as it happens, and avoiding preconceptions.Trusting in ones own feelings and instincts is very important for one to have a healthy personality. This helps the individual to reduce second-guessing their own incongruence. Now, creativity is very same to openness, but it includes one to seek out adjustment to new experiences as well as accepting new ones. The last characteristic, a fulfilled life describes ones contentment with life (McLeod, 2007). Personality characteristics that re described by existential psychology go to include any phenomena that occur with an individual.So according to existential theorists, all of the contents of the consciousness, relationships, thoughts, events, images, memories, fantasies, play a role in developing an individuals personality. Both person-centered and existential theories go to support that ones move toward self-actualization and self-acceptance, personality characteristics are important to existential psychology and are more generalized, like awareness, being present, continually creating existence through phenomena, and one Ewing self-aware.The thing about Humanistic and existential psychological theories is they also emphasize the important part that interpersonal relationships play. Like the ways in which one also relates to other individuals and how likewise in the ways which individuals relate to them. Strong interpersonal relationships often go along with good psychological health. According to Rorers, having positive interpersonal relationships become very imperative to a persons psychological health. Rogers also emphasizes the importance of unconditional positive regard.Unconditional positive Edgar is in reference of being warm and accepting toward an individual, and doing it without evaluation a nd reservation. This in turn is complete acceptance towards an individual without having possessiveness this helps someone to feel comfortable and allowing for a person to grow. As for empathy among or between individuals, it allows for them to feel understood by one another without feeling judged. The receiving of unconditional positive regard and empathy allows for the individual to grow toward self- actualization and also achieve psychological health.Counter to unconditional costive regard and empathy are conditions of worth. Conditions of worth involve ones perception of their acceptance based entirely on whether they meet the expectations of others to receive approval (Feisty Feisty, 2009). So when relationships are formed on conditions of worth, the individual can only behave in approved manners and ways in order to be accepted, and therefore cannot reach self-actualization. Unlike person-centered theory, existential psychology focuses more individuals as separate beings in the world, and th at each and every single individual must also accept their own separateness. It is also on the person to be responsible for creating meaning for them self. It is also ones own responsibility to accept themselves and finding some kind of meaning, but interpersonal relationships still go on to play an important role in existential psychology. Love and will are two concepts that, according to May, need to be reunited. Love and will refers to the delight experienced from and the value held for another person; will is the organization that directs movement toward a goal (Feisty Feistier 2009). The combination of love and will helps to allow individuals to move toward, ND express, their care for other individuals.Being true with oneself and with individuals helps people to develop deep interpersonal relationships and good psychological health. Authenticity Gives meaning to ones life by eliminating the separation of subject and object (Feisty Feisty, 2009). People that are authentic and strive for truth need start with being honest with themselves, and extend it to their interpersonal relationships. Authenticity stays consistent with Rorers concept of congruence. If one lives a life that is an authentic lifestyle, then according to Rogers, their behavior will also be incongruent with their own self-concept.In conclusion, both of these theories show that behavior is not determined, but that one operates by their own free will. Also those interpersonal relationships have a role to play in both theories as well. Personality characteristics for the person-centered theory include factors that will lead to a fully functioning person, or to that of one who has gone to achieved self-actualization. Now, personality characteristics, according to existential psychology, involve awareness and the creation of existence through that of experience.

STudy Guide Questions Essay example

STudy Guide Questions Essay example STudy Guide Questions Essay example Archetypes in Film â€Å"Princess Bride† Analysis Questions 1. Wesley, the hero, has characteristics of cunningness, bravery, and faithfulness which make for a fearless hero. When Wesley rescues the princess from the kidnappers he goes through three tests; one of strength against a bumbling giant, one of skill against a prestigious swordsman, and one of wits against an arrogant midget. 2. Miracle Max is the potion maker that restored Wesley’s life through means of concocting a chocolate coated pill that will resurrect him. When Indiago and Fezzik bring Wesley’s body to Max, he pronounces Wesley only mostly dead. Wesley still has something to live for, true love, so Max is compelled to help him in his quest to save Buttercup. 3. A major archetypal setting is the Castle. The Castle symbolizes safety from the outside world but harm within. This is evident in the events of Buttercup almost being murdered, Indiago killing the man he’s been chasing for twenty years who lurks in the shadows, Wesley saving Buttercup from suicide, and Fezzik protecting Wesley as he is semi-paralyzed. 4. A scene that displays the archetypal setting of the wilderness is when Wesley rescues Princess Buttercup from her kidnappers; he takes her into the wilderness to try to find temporary refuge from the kidnappers and the scouting party. This journey into the wilderness symbolizes the escape from society to reunite true love. 5. The 3 examples of special effects are in the a. Fire Swamp scene when the Flame Spurt sends columns of blazing fire into the air, this adds to the dramatic effect by adding a danger of unpredictable fire geysers to the surrounding elements. b. Castle scene when Indiago gets stabbed in the gut with a sword and blood gushes everywhere, adding suspense of whether Indiago will succeed in his to kill the man, who just stabbed him, who killed his father and creates a sense of concern in the audience. c. Courtyard scene where Fezzik is disguised as a spirit with a black cloak which is on fire and has smoke coming from the platform on which he stands, instilling a frightening emotion in the audience even though they know it’s to save Buttercup. 6. The mood created in the end of the movie because of the digital effects was a joyfully triumphant mood because of the sunsets in the background, the low red-orange lighting, and the panning of the camera as Wesley and Buttercup showed the love for one another in peace and freedom. 7. A universal theme for this movie is true love will always find a way, and if another’s love does not, it’s not true nor was it love in the first place. This is evident when Prince Humperdink forces Buttercup to marry him even though Buttercup loves Wesley only to start a war, but Wesley rescues Buttercup on the wedding day. Archetypes in Fairy Tales Rapunzel 1. Rapunzel becomes the damsel in distress when her parents take some vegetables from Gothel’s garden and her and her parents trade her for endless supply of vegetables. Because of her parent’s decision when Rapunzel

Understanding Commercial Granite

Understanding Commercial Granite Stone dealers lump a wide variety of rock types under the broad category called granite. Commercial granite is any crystalline rock that is harder than marble with large mineral grains. Lets unpack that statement: Crystalline Rock Crystalline rock is a rock that consists of mineral grains that are tightly intergrown and locked together, making a tough, impervious surface. Crystalline rocks are made of grains that have grown together at high temperature and pressure, rather than being made of existing sediment grains that have been cemented together under gentler conditions. That is, they are igneous or metamorphic rocks rather than sedimentary rocks. This differentiates commercial granite from commercial sandstone and limestone. Comparison to Marble Marble is crystalline and metamorphic, but it consists largely of the soft mineral calcite (hardness 3 on the Mohs scale). Granite instead consists of much harder minerals, mostly feldspar and quartz (Mohs hardness 6 and 7 respectively). This differentiates commercial granite from commercial marble and travertine. Commercial Granite Versus True Granite Commercial granite has its minerals in large, visible grains (hence the name granite). This differentiates it from commercial slate, greenstone, and basalt in which the mineral grains are microscopic. To geologists, true granite is a far more specific rock type. Yes, it is crystalline, hard, and has visible grains. But beyond that, it is a plutonic igneous rock, formed at great depths from an original fluid and not from the metamorphism of another rock. Its light-colored minerals consist of 20% to 60% quartz, and its feldspar content is no less than 35% alkali feldspar and no more than 65% plagioclase feldspar. Other than that it can contain any amount (up to 90%) of dark minerals such as biotite, hornblende, and pyroxene. This differentiates granite from diorite, gabbro, granodiorite, anorthosite, andesite, pyroxenite, syenite, gneiss, and schist, but all of these excluded rock types can be sold as commercial granite. The important thing about commercial granite is that whatever its mineral composition, it is rugged (suitable for hard use, takes a good polish and resists scratches and acids) and attractive with its granular texture. You really do know it when you see it.

Research proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 5

Research proposal - Essay Example The research will assess how designers of employee workplaces use the global concepts of marketing and high tech products and services in the design of commercial workplaces (Viswanath 28 and Gacenga et al. 93). This will be done by conducting a research that is based on primary data collection method (Venable 120). Such will entail the use of a focus group, face-to-face interviews, observation and surveys (Shouhong and Wang 548). Interview questions will be formulated so that they will elicit response from the respondents (Venable and Richard 142). The questions will also include Likert Scale for trend and relationship identifications (Orfield 138). The population of interest will be Silicon Valley. However, representatives from Brighton University will also be included in the study. This population will assist in identification of key metrics that include color and design of workplaces (McMahon 570). The research will assist in gathering essential data, which will be used in the process of testing the hypothesis that workplace could assist in improving productivity and enhancing attainment of creativity in the workplace (Mangalaraj et al. 250). This is because in marketing, value addition is vital in the presentation of products and services. Such facilitates in increasing the quality level, which is a key focus for most of the customers who like quality products and services. Increment of quality level also ensures that an organization is able to compete with others favourably in the market (Gregor and Alan 338). The research will also yield insightful information on how creativity and productivity can be enhanced in organizations (Landwehr et al. 93). The social network companies have reinvented Silicon Valley from its origins as a place of manufacturers measuring instruments, such as oscilloscopes. The first company to adopt the beginning of the open plan workspace was Hewlett-Packard in the 1970’s. This working

Business Etiquette in the USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Etiquette in the USA - Essay Example However, when one decides to use them for taking notes in meetings, it’s appropriate to inform the attendees in advance so that it’s not seen like you are distracted or not concentrating in the meeting. Moreover, only urgent calls should be received and the attendees should know in advance so that it does not raise eyebrows when the call is received. Social media sites have ensured that person are contact with each other regardless of their geographical area (Zimmerman). Moreover, barriers have been removed and information is shared globally. Furthermore, small companies are now able to play powerfully against the bigger companies. In addition, the help of proper social media can help boost the success of a business. Companies with many followers on social media sites are usually thrown in the field of customer care, mailing and texting (Zimmerman). Moreover, it is impossible to have direct conversation with many clients. Therefore, it is essential that a company has a customer care department where clients send their concerns. Furthermore, the business owners should ensure that a replied link to the page is done immediately to avoid being rude to the customers. People should maintain positive attitudes when conducting business regardless of their personal moods. Moreover, being rude or bad moods can cost one their clients and career. Furthermore, public criticism should not be tolerated at any time as this shows a bad image of your personality. In addition, in business one should be time conscious as time is a valuable commodity. Foul language or swearing should not be used to make a point as it shows a negative attitude to others. Moreover, humour can be used other than swearing as it helps keep attention on you. Furthermore, when conducting a business meeting or at work place people should be given a respectable distance during conversations. In addition, one should acknowledge others at

Who Killed Polomino Molero Essay Example for Free

Who Killed Polomino Molero Essay This is a narrative about the chaotic investigation of Palomino Molero. The story takes place in a small town in Peru during the 1950’s. There are two distinct worlds in this novel. The first being the Air Force base a few miles from town where the officers live in clean houses. They come equipped with gardens, swimming pools, and sufficient amounts of food. Then there is the poverty-stricken, hot and humid town where the locals live including Officer Lituma and Lieutenant Silva. Lituma comments when they visit the base that â€Å"They really live it up.  Like the gringos at the IPC, these lucky bastards live like movie stars behind their fences and screens. † A young boy stumbles across the mutilated body of a young man, Palomino Molero. Molero was soldier in the Air Force base miles from the town. He was found with â€Å"bruises, cuts, [and] cigarette burns†¦they’d even tried to castrate him; his testicles hung down to his thigh† (Vargas, p. 3). Officer Lituma witnesses the gruesome murder scene after the young boy runs to town and informs him. Officer Lituma of the Guardia Civil and his boss, Lieutenant Silva, begin their investigation. Throughout the story, Lituma watches his superior officer with admiration because of his knowledge and experience in criminal investigation, though that does not stop Silva from sharing his feeling about a fat, old lay named Dona Adriana with Lituma. Lituma and Silva discover that Molero enlisted in the Air Force voluntarily and was infatuated with a lady that lived near the base. This leads Lituma and Silva to question Colonel Mindreau, the commanding officer of the base, but get nothing but hostility and sarcasm. During their questioning, the colonel’s daughter, Alicia is introduced in the novel. Later in the story, Lituma and Silva discover from an old lady in a neighboring town that Alicia and Molero were lovers and left the Air Force base to get married. Alicia finally makes contact with Lituma and Silva and admits that she and Molero did love one another and because of it, Colonel Mindreau ordered Alicia’s ex-boyfriend to kill him. The investigation concludes with Colonel Mindreau admitting to the murder to Lituma and Silva before committing suicide. Vargas used a great amount of visuals in this book. The atmosphere and setting of every scene was thoroughly described. When Lituma and Silva visit Amotape to speak with Dona Lupe, Vargas describes the town as a place â€Å"surrounded by sun-parched sun-parched rocks and scorching sand dunes. There are dry bushes, carob thickets, and here and there a eucalyptus treepale green patches that brighten the otherwise monotonous gray of the arid landscape. The trees bend over, stretch out and twist around to absorb whatever moisture might be in the air; in the distance they look like dancing witches† (Vargas, p. 64). Although the novel is a mere 150 pages, the reader experiences every physical setting as though they were traveling all across town with Lituma and Silva. This helps the reader to become more aware of the situations taking place in the story. Aside to the physical settings, the reader can easily feel the sense of classism. It is obvious that the Air Force is looked upon as superior to the citizens of the small town. When Lieutenant Dufo makes trouble in the local bordello, no one reacts. He even â€Å"unzipped his fly and peed on all the whores, pimps, and customers he could reach† (Vargas, p. 40). The owner of the bordello, Liau admitted that he was â€Å"scared shitless of the guy† (Vargas, p. 41) when Lieutenant Silva suggested he take his complaints to Colonel Mindreau. Furthermore, Colonel Mindreau reveals that the people of the town are inferior to him and his officers when he responds to Lieutenant Silva’s accusations saying â€Å"These are the families of the officers. Not the families of the noncoms or airmen. Only the mothers, wives, sisters, and daughters of officers† (Vargas, p. 34). Who Killed Palomino Molero? is very short story, yet there are many tales compiled in this novel: The question of who did it and why play a significant role, Lieutenant Silvas intimate fantasies about the Dona Adriana, and her reactions to it, and even a bitter love-story between a colonel’s daughter and one of his enlisted soldiers. All of these stories build up to quite a suspenseful ending.

Virginia Woolfs Orlando and the Relationship between Virginia and Vita

Virginia Woolf's Orlando and the Relationship between Virginia and Vita It has been said the novel Orlando is the longest love-letter ever written; a celebration of the bond between women. The relationship between Virginia Woolf and Vita Sackville-West is well documented and known to have been intimate. That Virginia was passionate and giddy about her relationship with Vita is also known and displayed in Orlando. But Orlando also offers a rare intimate glimpse into the mind of Virginia Woolf. An unselfconscious work, it reveals her mind, talent at play. Orlando offers rich insights into her mind while keeping the rich prose that embodies her other great works. The novel demonstrates several of Virginia's obsessions, the focus here on gender and sexuality. While presumptuous to assume an author's life directly through her work, Virginia herself writes about this inevitable link in Orlando: "In short, every secret of a writer's soul, every experience of his life, every quality of his mind is written large in his works, yet we require critics to explain the one and biographers to expound the other" (Orlando 209). A good author usually writes what she knows; considering the background of this novel, the reader may draw parallels between Virginia's life, her relationship with Vita and the writing of Orlando. Who is Orlando? The common interpretation is Orlando is Vita. The book is dedicated to her and pictures of Vita are interspersed throughout the book. Vita herself was said to tell Virginia that she fell in love with herself after reading the novel. Vita's mother was more acetic: "You have written some beautiful phrases in Orlando but probably you do not realise how cruel you have been. And the person who inspired the book ... ...nergy of her relationship with Vita is apparent in the novel. She was to wrestle her demons in other books (To the Lighthouse as an example) in Orlando she celebrated. But in Virginia's hands, even satire has its serious moments. "I am writing Orlando half in mock style very clear and plain, so that people will understand every word. But the balance between truth and fantasy must be careful" (Dairy 117). And now years later, critics are still trying to view in-between the truth and fiction and the enigma of Virginia Woolf. Works Cited Bond, Alma Halbert, Phd. Who Killed Virginia Woolf - a Psychobiography. Human Sciences Press, Inc.:New York, NY 1989. Lee, Hermione. Virginia Woolf. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.:New York, NY 1996. Woolf, Virginia. A Writer's Diary. The Hogarth Press:London 1953 Woolf, Virginia. Orlando. Harcourt Brace & Company:New York 1956.